Virus Evolution is a fully Open Access journal. Infection, Genetics and Evolution is the only journal that welcomes articles dealing with the genetics and evolutionary biology of hosts, ... the origin of COVID-19 requires to change the paradigm on zoonotic emergence from the spillover model to the viral circulation model. In this editorial, we explore key facets of viral biology and the influence of relevant aspects of human polymorphisms, human behaviour, geography and climate and, based on this, derive a series of recommendations to monitor viral evolution and predict the types of variants that are likely to arise. A new analysis supports the hypothesis that viruses are living entities that share a long evolutionary history with cells. This elevated mutation rate, when combined with natural selection, allows viruses to quickly adapt to changes in their host environment. evolved a protein that forms multimeric, spherical cages into a highly efficient capsid that selectively packages its own encoding RNA. The strength of these temporal associations between viral divergence and diversity, viral coreceptor specificity, and T-cell homeostasis and subset composition supports the concept that the phases described represent a consistent pattern of viral evolution during the course of HIV-1 infection in moderate progressors. There are seven dsRNA-viral families whose genomes range from 2 to 12 segments, and have sizes that range from 3 … Here we review recent evidence of the profound effects that genetic bottlenecks have in enhancing the deleterious effects of Muller's ratchet during RNA virus evolution. Register to receive email alerts as soon as new content from Virus Evolution is published online. Virus Evolution is a fully Open Access journal. Find out more about article processing charges and licensing, including free publication for those in developing countries. Unexpectedly, the emerging latent period in the plastic case is shorter than in the non-plastic case for most dilution rates, and longer only for very high values of w. Viruses have short generation times, and many—in particular RNA viruses—have relatively high mutation rates (on the order of one point mutation or more per genome per round of replication). This virtual issue from Genome Biology and Evolution features a collection of high-impact articles that focus on viral evolution. SARS-CoV-2 is the agent of Covid-19, a new coronavirus infection, recently declared pandemic by the WHO, which causes severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Evolutionary study and phylodynamic pattern of human influenza A/H3N2 virus in Indonesia from 2008 to 2010 Agustiningsih Agustiningsih, Hidayat Trimarsanto, [ ... ], David Handojo Muljono The virus-first (or co-evolution) hypothesis was first proposed by d’Herelle who claimed that viruses are ancestral to cells [].Others suggested that viruses originated in the pre-cellular world using a soup as a host [15, 46].Evolution of life started with a virus-like stage and the advent of modern-type cells was a comparatively late event []. Introduction. In a recent study in the journal Science , researchers tied the city’s resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 to the emergence and rapid spread of a new SARS-CoV-2 “variant of concern” known as P.1 [3]. 2. Hunting can fundamentally alter wildlife population dynamics, but the consequences of hunting on pathogen transmission and evolution remain poorly understood. Artificial nucleocapsid proteins, which could be analogous to those used by viruses to package their genomes, are a promising way to protect and deliver RNAs. The analysis revealed that viral loads above 6.94 log 10 GEQ/ml of blood on admission led to fatal outcomes in 89.1% of cases (95% CI, 81.3–96.9). The 'Viral Diversification and Evolution' section addresses fundamental and applied aspects of viral diversity, ecology, and evolution. Download PDF. 10 (2018). Recent studies have also provided evidence that viral evolutionary rate estimates decrease as their measurement timescales increase. The transition between the T215N amino acid variant and T215Y was observed in 2 patients (M, N), and another 2 patients (K, L) developed M184V after developing TAMs. Peer-reviewed journal featuring in-depth articles to accelerate the transformation of health care delivery. Viral evolution and transmission effectiveness ... World Journal of Virology. X 4, 031046 – Published 9 September 2014 By using PCR amplification of … Author (s): Deepak Sharma*. Below we look at two special cases in viral evolution: how evolution occurs in influenza viruses and in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, the virus that causes AIDS). Both of these viruses are RNA viruses, meaning that their genetic material is encoded in RNA, not DNA. Viral evolution at different timescales is considered, from intra-host diversification and evolutionary epidemiology to long-term virus evolution. The paper analyzes a model of viral infection and evolution using the {"}grand canonical ensemble{"} and formalisms from statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. For conventional plus-stranded RNA viruses, replication occurs in the cytoplasm. gpwac of the T4-Type Bacteriophages: Structure, Function, and Evolution of a Segmented Coiled-Coil Protein That Controls Viral Infectivity A. Letarov , X. Manival , C. Desplats , H. M. Krisch Journal of Bacteriology Jan 2005, 187 (3) 1055-1066; DOI: 10.1128/JB.187.3.1055-1066.2005 An important difference, thus, is that the latter occurs as a result of evolution, whereas viral plasticity is an ecological process. Influenza A viruses cause epidemics/severe pandemics that pose a great global health threat. The rise of SARS-CoV-2 variants with altered virus biology is bringing viral evolution into the public spotlight. Researchers uncover novel virus type that may shed light on viral evolution Tokyo University of Agriculture ... ahead of print, on July 22 in Infection, Genetics and Evolution, an Elsevier journal. The specific host–virus adaptation, viral evolution, host immunity and genetics, viral environmental stability, and other factors can impact the ability of viruses to break the species barrier. In addition, most viruses provide many offspring, so any mu… Bats have a suite of antiviral defenses that keep the amount of virus in check. The model for the origin and evolution of the “viral supergroup” (a collection of seven viral subgroups defined by replicon type and replication strategy), as described in the Baltimore classification , captures the many aspects of viral diversity (for example, host preferences, viral morphologies, and proteomic makeup) and, as we show, is backed by strong support from molecular data. It is specified as a virus density distribution with respect to genotype and time governed by a reaction-diffusion integro-differential equation taking virus mutations, replication, and elimination by immune cells and medical treatment into account.
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